
The Ancestor Hunt regularly adds and updates new collection links, as well as searches for and fixes broken links.
(This page's most recent update is March 2026)
Want to improve your newspaper research skills? Become an AcademyPro member of the Newspaper Research Academy at Academy
City directories often used abbreviations and shorthand to conserve space when listing residents, occupations, and addresses. Understanding these terms helps interpret household structure, employment, and residential patterns within urban communities.
| Term / Abbreviation | Meaning |
| Abbrev. | Abbreviation |
| agt. | Agent |
| appt. | Appointment |
| asst. | Assistant |
| bds. | Boards; person boarding at address |
| bet. | Between |
| bkpr. | Bookkeeper |
| bldg. | Building |
| blk. | Block |
| bo. | Boards |
| brklyr. | Bricklayer |
| carp. | Carpenter |
| cashr. | Cashier |
| clk. | Clerk |
| co. | Company |
| collr. | Collector |
| com. mer. | Commission merchant |
| contr. | Contractor |
| dept. | Department |
| dir. | Directory |
| dist. | District |
| drv. | Driver |
| emp. | Employee |
| eng. | Engineer |
| est. | Estate |
| expressman | Person transporting goods |
| foreman | Work supervisor |
| gro. | Grocer |
| h | House; resides at address |
| h. | House |
| ins. | Insurance |
| lab. | Laborer |
| lodger | Person renting room |
| mgr. | Manager |
| mfr. | Manufacturer |
| mkr. | Maker |
| mover | Furniture mover |
| nr. | Near |
| opp. | Opposite |
| phys. | Physician |
| propr. | Proprietor |
| pub. | Publisher |
| r | Resides |
| real est. | Real estate |
| res. | Residence |
| roomer | Person renting room |
| sec. | Secretary |
| supt. | Superintendent |
| tchr. | Teacher |
| treas. | Treasurer |
| wid. | Widow |
| wks. | Works (employed at) |
| wkr. | Worker |
If you’d like this information in a clean, printable, and well-organized reference format, this topic is also included in the Quicksheet Vault. The Vault is designed for researchers who prefer working tools they can save, print, and reuse—whether that means building a personal binder of key resources or keeping reliable references close at hand. You can learn more about the Quicksheet Vault HERE